Welcome to

The Java Tutorial!

Object-Oriented Programming for the Internet

a practical, on-line guide
to writing programs in the Java language
This is an on-line draft version of The Java Tutorial by Mary Campione and Kathy Walrath. This is the fifth book in the The Java Series, to be published by Addison-Wesley this summer.

Notes:

This document was last updated 24 Feb 96.
Copyright.
This draft reflects the API distributed in the 1.0 Java Developers Kit (JDK). For information on how the API has changed and how to get the JDK, see the JDK home page.
For the change history of the tutorial, how to download the tutorial in PostScript and HTML formats, and other information about this document, see About This Draft.
For information about the structure and organization of this tutorial please refer to About the Tutorial.

Getting Started
The most common Java programs are applications and applets. Applications are stand-alone programs, such as the HotJava browser. Applets are similar to applications, but they don't run on their own. Instead, applets adhere to a set of conventions that lets them run within a Java-compatible browser. If you're using a browser that can view applets, then you should see an animation just below this paragraph -- that's an applet embedded in this HTML page.

The "Hello World" Application -- Start here if you want to create stand-alone Java applications.

The "Hello World" Applet -- Start here if you are interested in writing applets only.

What Next?
Now that you've seen how to write a Java program, you can proceed with any of the topics below.

Writing Java Programs -- These lessons discuss techniques and concepts that any Java programmer can use.

Writing Applets -- These lessons discuss techniques and concepts that are specific to writing Java applets.

Creating a User Interface -- Here's the information you need to create the user interface of your applet or application.

Custom Networking and Security -- The lessons on this trail teach you how to connect your applications and applets to the information on the Internet! Also, this trail contains a lesson that shows you how you can create an install your own security manager which can help to protect your computer and data from violation.

The Java Development Environment -- Take a look here for information about the Java development environment, tools, how to structure and manage your programming environment, debugging techniques and memory management techniques.

Integrating Native Methods into Java Programs -- These lessons show you everything you need to know to write native methods in the Java language. A native method is a Java method whose implementation is provided in another programming language such as C. This lesson includes step-by-step instructions and a comprehensive example program.

How the Java Language Differs from C and C++ -- This trail points out the differences between the Java language and C and C++.

Troubleshooting -- Follow this trail to find all of the pages that discuss troubleshooting.

Table of Contents

	The "Hello World" Application -- Start here if you want to create stand-alone Java applications.
	The "Hello World" Applet -- Start here if you are interested in writing applets only.

	Writing Java Programs -- These lessons discuss techniques and concepts that any Java programmer can use.
	Writing Applets -- These lessons discuss techniques and concepts that are specific to writing Java applets.
	Creating a User Interface -- Here's the information you need to create the user interface of your applet or application.
	Custom Networking and Security -- The lessons on this trail teach you how to connect your applications and applets to the information on the Internet! Also, this trail contains a lesson that shows you how you can create an install your own security manager which can help to protect your computer and data from violation.
	The Java Development Environment -- Take a look here for information about the Java development environment, tools, how to structure and manage your programming environment, debugging techniques and memory management techniques.
	Integrating Native Methods into Java Programs -- These lessons show you everything you need to know to write native methods in the Java language. A native method is a Java method whose implementation is provided in another programming language such as C. This lesson includes step-by-step instructions and a comprehensive example program.
	How the Java Language Differs from C and C++ -- This trail points out the differences between the Java language and C and C++.
	Troubleshooting -- Follow this trail to find all of the pages that discuss troubleshooting.